Banks in the 16-nation eurozone face $283bn of further losses this year and next as the recession forces them to write off bad loans, the European Central Bank warned yesterday.

　　歐洲央行（ECB）昨日警告，隨著經(jīng)濟衰退迫使銀行注銷更多不良貸款，歐元區(qū)16國各家銀行今明兩年將面臨進一步虧損，可高達2830億美元。

　　The warning, which helped push the euro down against the dollar, came just hours before Moody's, the credit rating agency, downgraded 30 Spanish banks and cajas, the unlisted regional savings institutions, citing the worsening quality of their loans and the struggling Spanish economy.

　　該警告助推了歐元兌美元匯率走低。幾小時后，信用評級機構(gòu)穆迪（Moody's）下調(diào)了西班牙30家銀行及非上市地區(qū)性儲蓄機構(gòu)caja的評級，理由是這些機構(gòu)的貸款質(zhì)量不斷惡化，且西班牙經(jīng)濟陷入困境。

　　The fates of the eurozone economy and its banks have become increasingly interlinked, the ECB said yesterday in its latest financial stability review report, with bank losses increasingly being caused by bad loans, rather than losses on securities.

　　歐洲央行昨日在其最新金融穩(wěn)定評估報告中表示，歐元區(qū)經(jīng)濟與其銀行的命運日益緊密相連，不良貸款（而非證券損失）日益成為銀行虧損的主要原因。

　　Risks to the stability of the financial sector remained high, it said, while "uncertainty prevails" over the banking system's ability to absorb further shocks.

　　報告表示，金融領(lǐng)域的穩(wěn)定仍然面臨高風(fēng)險，對于銀行體系吸納更多沖擊的能力，"不確定性占上風(fēng)".

　　Its stark comments could fuel calls for European politicians to follow the lead set in the US and "stress test" the continent's banks to restore confidence in the system.

　　歐洲央行的嚴厲警告，可能會促使歐洲政界人士呼吁歐元區(qū)效仿美國的做法，對歐洲大陸各銀行展開"壓力測試",以恢復(fù)人們對銀行體系的信心。

　　While some European regulators have initiated some tests, finance ministers faced pressure at a G8 summit in southern Italy at the weekend to do more.

　　雖然部分歐洲監(jiān)管機構(gòu)已發(fā)起一些測試，但上周末于意大利南部舉行的八國集團（G8）峰會給各國財長施加了壓力，要求他們采取更多措施。

　　The Moody's downgrade in Spain was not a complete surprise because it had put 36 Spanish lenders, half of the nation's total, on review for possible downgrades less than a month ago.

　　穆迪下調(diào)西班牙銀行評級并非全然出乎意料，因為在不到一個月以前，該機構(gòu)將西班牙的36家貸款機構(gòu)（占該國總數(shù)的一半）納入了可能下調(diào)評級的觀察名單。

　　But the move illustrates the severity of the Spanish housing market collapse and the speed with which the crisis has eaten away at the capital base of the country's banking system.

　　但此舉說明了西班牙住宅市場崩潰的嚴重性，以及本次危機對該國銀行體系資本基礎(chǔ)的急速侵蝕速度。

　　Caja Castilla La Mancha, a small lender in central Spain, is so far the only Spanish institution that has needed rescuing.

　　截至目前，位于西班牙中部的小型貸款機構(gòu)Caja Castilla La Mancha是西班牙唯一需要救助的機構(gòu)。