Groupon Inc.'s joint venture in China has closed offices in some cities and laid off hundreds of employees, according to people familiar with the situation, raising questions about the online coupon company's strategy in a big market ahead of its planned initial public offering of stock.

　　據(jù)知情人士透露，Groupon在中國(guó)的合資公司高朋網(wǎng)關(guān)閉了一些城市的數(shù)家辦事處，裁掉了數(shù)百名員工，引發(fā)人們對(duì)該在線優(yōu)惠券公司進(jìn)入中國(guó)這一大市場(chǎng)的戰(zhàn)略的質(zhì)疑。高朋網(wǎng)正計(jì)劃在中國(guó)進(jìn)行首次公開(kāi)發(fā)行（IPO）。

　　Former and current employees of the Chinese joint venture, which operates the website GaoPeng.com, say more than 10 offices around China have been closed, including one in the northern city of Tangshan where an employee said he and his co-workers were locked out last Friday after their lunch break just after being notified of the shutdown.

　　Newscom周一，一名女子站在高朋網(wǎng)在上海的辦公室外，玻璃門(mén)緊閉。高朋網(wǎng)是Groupon在中國(guó)的合資企業(yè)。

　　高朋網(wǎng)的運(yùn)營(yíng)方是中國(guó)合資公司，該公司的離職員工及在職員工稱，在中國(guó)已經(jīng)有超過(guò)10家辦事處被關(guān)閉，包括位于華北地區(qū)唐山市的一家辦事處。該辦事處的一名員工說(shuō)，上周五上午他們接到了關(guān)閉辦事處的通知，而到了午餐休息之后，他和他的同事們就已經(jīng)被鎖在辦事處外面了。

　　“They've been firing people for at least three months,” said the staffer, James Liu, a photographer for GaoPeng.

　　高朋網(wǎng)的一位攝影師James Liu說(shuō)，他們一直在裁人，至少已經(jīng)有三個(gè)月了。

　　A Chinese lawyer representing some disgruntled former GaoPeng employees estimated about 400 people have been fired so far, a number that couldn't be confirmed.

　　據(jù)一些不滿高朋網(wǎng)做法的離職員工的中國(guó)代理律師估計(jì)，目前已經(jīng)有約400人被解雇，但這一數(shù)字尚未得到證實(shí)。

　　The moves appears to mark an abrupt reversal of Groupon's aggressive expansion into China just eight months ago. Since January, Groupon has invested $8.6 million for a 40% stake in the GaoPeng joint venture, which is also funded by Chinese Internet giant Tencent Holdings Ltd. and private-equity firm Yunfeng Capital.

　　高朋網(wǎng)的一系列動(dòng)作表明，Groupon于八個(gè)月前制定的在大舉進(jìn)入中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的擴(kuò)張計(jì)劃突然之間出現(xiàn)了逆轉(zhuǎn)。自1月份以來(lái)，Groupon已經(jīng)投資了860萬(wàn)美元，并擁有合資公司高朋網(wǎng)40%的股份。該合資公司的另外兩家投資者是中國(guó)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)巨頭騰訊控股有限公司和私募股權(quán)基金云鋒基金。

　　Groupon and GaoPeng said Tuesday that the office closures are part of a change in strategy and don't diminish their commitment to China. A spokesman for GaoPeng said it plans “to focus more on the middle to large-sized cities” in China where the market is “more developed,” adding that the company “is fully committed to the Chinese market for the long term.”

　　本周二，Groupon和高朋網(wǎng)聲稱，關(guān)閉辦事處是公司戰(zhàn)略調(diào)整的一部分，并不會(huì)降低他們對(duì)中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的投入力度。高朋網(wǎng)的一位發(fā)言人說(shuō)，高朋網(wǎng)計(jì)劃更多地關(guān)注中國(guó)的大中城市，那里的市場(chǎng)更加發(fā)達(dá)。他同時(shí)還說(shuō)，該公司將長(zhǎng)期致力于大力開(kāi)發(fā)中國(guó)市場(chǎng)。

　　“Groupon's approach to international expansion is to aggressively create a large presence upfront and refine our strategy as we gain deeper insight into the local market,” said Groupon spokeswoman Heather Dickinson. “We view any adjustments to the business as very typical in order to build a long-term foundation for success. Our JV in China is just one example of many new markets where we have fine-tuned our strategy as we go. ”

　　Groupon女發(fā)言人希瑟•迪金森（Heather Dickinson）說(shuō)，Groupon的國(guó)際擴(kuò)張方式就是前期大舉投入，隨著對(duì)本地市場(chǎng)了解的不斷深入，公司將逐步對(duì)戰(zhàn)略加以完善。在我們看來(lái)，為了奠定成功的長(zhǎng)期基礎(chǔ)，任何業(yè)務(wù)調(diào)整都非常重要。中國(guó)的合資公司是我們?cè)谥T多新興市場(chǎng)的案例之一。在那些市場(chǎng)中，我們也隨著公司的發(fā)展逐步對(duì)戰(zhàn)略進(jìn)行了微調(diào)。

　　GaoPeng said it is still hiring in China, but it doesn't dispute that its total number of employees is shrinking. Groupon said it doesn't disclose its staff count by country, and it couldn't be determined how many employees the China venture currently has.

　　高朋網(wǎng)說(shuō)，該公司在中國(guó)的招聘活動(dòng)仍在繼續(xù)，但并未對(duì)員工總數(shù)正在下降這一事實(shí)提出異議。Groupon也聲稱公司不會(huì)按國(guó)別披露員工數(shù)量，而且中國(guó)合資公司當(dāng)前有多少員工尚無(wú)法確定。

　　Tencent and Yunfeng couldn't be reached for comment.

　　目前尚未聯(lián)系到騰訊和云鋒基金對(duì)此事發(fā)表評(píng)論。

　　Groupon expects to raise about $750 million in a mid-September IPO that could value the company at $20 billion. China represents less than 1% of Groupon's global revenue, according to a person familiar with the situation.

　　Groupon將在9月中旬進(jìn)行IPO，預(yù)計(jì)將融資7.5億美元。這樣一來(lái)，Groupon的總市值將達(dá)到200億美元。據(jù)一名知情人士透露，中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的收入占Groupon全球收入的份額不足1%。

　　Foreign Internet companies have long struggled in China, which has more Internet users than any other country. Yahoo Inc., one of the earliest to enter, handed over its China business in 2005 to Alibaba Group Holding Ltd., and has since quarreled with the Chinese company. EBay Inc. sharply scaled back its presence in China after losing market share to an online shopping site owned by Alibaba. Google Inc. has seen its market share slide, to the benefit of rival Baidu Inc. since the U.S. company moved its Chinese-language search engine to Hong Kong out of frustration over censorship and hacking issues.

　　長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，國(guó)外互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)一直在中國(guó)市場(chǎng)中掙扎求存，中國(guó)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶比其它任何國(guó)家都要多。雅虎是最早進(jìn)入中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)之一，該公司已經(jīng)于2005年將它在中國(guó)的業(yè)務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)讓給了阿里巴巴集團(tuán)。此后，雙方之間一直都存在著爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。在與阿里巴巴集團(tuán)旗下的購(gòu)物網(wǎng)站爭(zhēng)奪市場(chǎng)份額失利后，億貝（eBay）公司在中國(guó)的規(guī)模也大為縮減。由于對(duì)審查和黑客問(wèn)題的不滿，谷歌公司將中文搜索引擎服務(wù)器轉(zhuǎn)移到香港，此后該公司在中國(guó)的市場(chǎng)份額開(kāi)始下滑，而受益者則是它的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手百度公司。

　　Groupon's entry into China was turbulent from the start. The company has struggled to gain market share as its legions of local competitors also invested heavily in marketing and geographical expansion.

　　Groupon進(jìn)入中國(guó)從一開(kāi)始就充滿不確定因素。公司艱難地贏得了一些市場(chǎng)份額，但大量的本地競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者也在營(yíng)銷(xiāo)上大舉投入，力圖實(shí)現(xiàn)地域上的擴(kuò)張。

　　Hundreds of Chinese companies were already offering online buying services in China by the time GaoPeng started offering deals to Chinese users in March. One of those competitors owns the Chinese domain Groupon.cn which, according to research firm Analysys International, had more visitors in the second quarter than Groupon's own GaoPeng.

　　在高朋網(wǎng)于今年3月份向中國(guó)用戶推出團(tuán)購(gòu)業(yè)務(wù)之際，已經(jīng)有數(shù)百家中國(guó)公司提供在線銷(xiāo)售服務(wù)了。其中一家競(jìng)爭(zhēng)公司已經(jīng)注冊(cè)了Groupon.cn這一域名，而且根據(jù)易觀國(guó)際（Analysys International）的研究，該競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手第二季度的訪問(wèn)量要高于高朋網(wǎng)。

　　While Groupon is the dominant daily-deals website in the U.S., GaoPeng was No. 8 among such websites in China in the second quarter, with 15 million unique visitors a month─less than 30% the number for the top website in the category, Lashou.com.

　　盡管Groupon在美國(guó)的日常交易網(wǎng)站中占主導(dǎo)地位，但在今年第二季度中國(guó)此類網(wǎng)站的排名中，高朋網(wǎng)僅居第八位，單月獨(dú)立訪問(wèn)用戶數(shù)量為1500萬(wàn)人，不足排名第一的拉手網(wǎng)的訪問(wèn)量的30%。

　　One GaoPeng manager, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, said the company had some 80 offices around the country at its peak, and total headcount of more than 3,000 people, before it started scaling back. “Groupon came into China and tried to expand too aggressively,” he said. “That strategy just doesn't work in China.”

　　據(jù)高朋網(wǎng)一位不愿透露姓名的經(jīng)理透露，在最高峰時(shí)期，高朋網(wǎng)在中國(guó)的辦事處數(shù)量有80家左右，員工總數(shù)達(dá)3000多人，但后來(lái)開(kāi)始萎縮。他說(shuō)，Groupon想通過(guò)大舉擴(kuò)張的方式進(jìn)入中國(guó)市場(chǎng)，但這一策略并未奏效。

　　Zhao Zhanling, an attorney in Beijing representing people laid off by GaoPeng, said a number of employees have complained about the circumstances under which they were fired and negotiated to receive two months of compensation to settle the issue. Mr. Zhao said he plans to ask for a similar deal in the coming months for 100 other former employees, and knows of at least 300 more that have been laid off.

　　代理高朋網(wǎng)離職員工的北京律師趙占領(lǐng)說(shuō)，一些員工對(duì)他們被辭退的處置方式感到不滿，經(jīng)過(guò)談判最終獲得了兩個(gè)月工資補(bǔ)償。趙先生說(shuō)，他打算在下個(gè)月為其他100名離職員工爭(zhēng)取到同樣的和解條件。據(jù)他所知，已經(jīng)離職的員工至少還有300人。

　　Groupon's China launch followed a spate of bad publicity from a Super Bowl commercial pegged to the political situation in Tibet─an extremely sensitive issue for China's government. In the ad, which was quickly translated and circulated on Chinese websites, actor Timothy Hutton narrates a seeming public-service announcement about Tibetans being “in trouble, their very culture in jeopardy”─but the spot then morphs into an ad for a Groupon deal on Tibetan food. Chinese Internet users criticized it, calling the ad offensive and a display of the company's ignorance about China. Many Americans also took umbrage.

　　Groupon初入中國(guó)就在公共關(guān)系方面引發(fā)了非常負(fù)面的影響。該公司在美式橄欖球“超級(jí)碗”（Super Bowl）賽事上播放的廣告片被指涉及了西藏的政治現(xiàn)狀──這在中國(guó)政府看來(lái)是一個(gè)極其敏感的問(wèn)題。在這則廣告片中，演員蒂莫西•赫頓（Timothy Hutton）念了一份模仿公益廣告的聲明，說(shuō)西藏人正處于困境之中，其文化岌岌可危。但畫(huà)面很快轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镚roupon的一個(gè)有關(guān)西藏食品的廣告。中國(guó)網(wǎng)民紛紛批評(píng)這一廣告片，指責(zé)它令人感到被冒犯，而且還顯示了該公司對(duì)中國(guó)的無(wú)知。很多美國(guó)人也對(duì)此感到不悅。

　　Meanwhile, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has raised questions about Groupon's use of an unconventional accounting measurement in its filing for an IPO that critics say masked Groupon's high marketing costs. The company has since taken the measurement out of its prospectus, which shows it had a loss of $413.4 million last year on revenue of $713.4 million.

　　此外，美國(guó)證券交易委員會(huì)（Securities and Exchange Commission）對(duì)Groupon申請(qǐng)IPO時(shí)使用的非常規(guī)的會(huì)計(jì)指標(biāo)提出了質(zhì)疑。批評(píng)家稱Groupon的做法掩蓋了高額營(yíng)銷(xiāo)成本。之后，該公司將此項(xiàng)指標(biāo)從招股書(shū)中刪除。從招股書(shū)中可以看出，Groupon去年的收入額為7.134億美元，但凈虧損額則達(dá)到了4.134億美元。